BU Fanqiang

 

Abstract：The ideas of human rights are different from the concept of human rights, and the ideas of human rights has a broader field than the concept of human rights. The idea of human rights includes thinking about the subject of human rights - human being, human rights objects - rights and the values of human rights. Through analyzing and interpreting the thoughts of Liang Qichao and Yan Fu who were the outstanding representatives of intellectuals in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, this paper attempts to discover the ideas of intellectuals in the late Qing and early Republic of China to understand the Western "human rights concept". In Liang Qichao and Yan Fu’s expositions and thoughts on human rights issues, there are not only the human rights ontology problem, that is, the understanding and thinking of “people”, but also the examination of human rights content such as “rights” and “civil rights”. It also includes a question of the value of freedom as a human rights idea. Through a comparative study of Liang Qichao and Yan Fu's human rights thoughts, Liang Qichao and Yan Fu both gave the subject of rights to the "people" rather than "human"; Liang Qichao and Yan Fu both affirmed the importance of rights, but Liang Qichao emphasized the importance of rights. It can change the power of China, and Yan Fu pays more attention to the spiritual value of rights; Liang Qichao and Yan Fu both highly value the concept of freedom, but pursue it cautiously. These understandings and pursuits are special ways for Chinese modern intellectuals to understand the concept of human rights caused by the special circumstances of modern China's great changes. These thoughts not only constitute the nutrition and material of the human rights concept of intellectuals in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, but also the theoretical basis and important reference coordinates for us to construct Chinese human rights discourse.